242 papers
Infectious diseases represent one of the most dynamic frontiers in global health, covering everything from seasonal flu outbreaks to emerging viral threats that cross borders. This field focuses on how pathogens spread, how our immune systems respond, and the strategies scientists use to stop infections before they become epidemics. Because the science moves fast, waiting for traditional publication often means missing critical insights that could save lives.
At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv to ensure you see the latest findings the moment they appear. Our team transforms these raw studies into both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, bridging the gap between complex research and public understanding. Below are the latest papers in infectious diseases, updated daily with fresh insights from the global research community.
By analyzing historical malariatherapy data, this study challenges the classic evolutionary theory of a transmission-duration tradeoff, demonstrating that faster parasite multiplication rates in human malaria infections actually extend transmission duration and enhance fitness without consistently increasing virulence.
Based on a decision-analytic model using data from the ATTACK trial, sulbactam-durlobactam demonstrates a favorable cost-effectiveness profile compared to colistin for treating carbapenem-resistant *Acinetobacter baumannii* in US critical care settings, offering significantly higher survival rates at a reasonable incremental cost of $14,097 per additional life saved despite higher initial treatment expenses.
This study demonstrates that while SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibody levels correlate with protection in immunosuppressed individuals, these patients exhibit lower vaccine effectiveness against infection and hospitalization than healthy controls at equivalent antibody levels, highlighting a disconnect between antibody titers and clinical protection in this high-risk population.
This study of MRSA bloodstream infections from the CAMERA2 trial reveals that penicillin-clavulanate susceptibility is common (62%), strongly correlates with oxacillin disk susceptibility, and is significantly associated with community-acquired strains, specific *mecA* alleles, and patients with fewer comorbidities and milder clinical presentations.
This study utilizing data from two Phase 3 tuberculosis trials demonstrates that while routine clinical data collected during treatment significantly improves the prediction of end-of-therapy outcomes, it offers only limited value for forecasting post-treatment relapse, highlighting the urgent need for specific relapse biomarkers.
This study utilizes machine learning and publicly available data to demonstrate that specific *Salmonella* serovars in U.S. raw beef exhibit distinct regional prevalence patterns driven by environmental factors such as ecoregions, avian flyways, and local cattle operations.
The EPPIC study reveals that while a 70% efficacy threshold is a critical inflection point for prescriber willingness to adopt new Chagas disease treatments, factors such as improved safety, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, and greater accessibility are equally vital in shaping prescribing preferences for regimens with moderate efficacy.
This prospective study in the Brazilian Amazon reveals that while Leishmania RNA Virus 1 (LRV1) detection in skin lesions correlates with the presence of Leishmania in healthy nasal mucosa, higher pre-treatment parasite burden is the primary factor associated with treatment failure in cutaneous leishmaniasis.
This qualitative study in Lusaka, Zambia, utilizes the COM-B model to reveal that adolescents' and young people's decisions to disclose STI status are shaped by a complex interplay of limited knowledge, service accessibility, stigma, and social support, highlighting the need for interventions that address both individual and community-level barriers.
This systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that existing Ebola vaccines, particularly Ervebo, induce cross-reactive antibodies and offer partial protection against Bundibugyo virus in animal models, though further clinical data are urgently needed to confirm their efficacy for human use.